March Craft Focus: Character Arcs

March 5th, 2010

Next up, character arcs! Or lack thereof as the case may be. I’m personally a fan of characters that don’t change, because let’s face it — change is hard in real life. But we’re not writing real life, we’re writing fiction, so at some point or another we’re going to have to deal with THE CHANGE.  No, not that change…the one characters go through. What makes them different (for better or worse) at the end of the story from what they are at the beginning?

So, during March we’ll be dissecting characters. It’s not as gruesome as it sounds. Then again, maybe it is. We’ll just have to see!

February Recap

March 4th, 2010

They say you never get a second chance to make a first impression. This month, I sifted through over a dozen stories from pro Fantasy/Science Fiction magazines and presented those with the best opening sentences, paragraphs, and scenes, so let’s see what we can learn from them collectively.

First, a recap of February’s reviews:

Review # 8: After the Dragon by Sarah Monette The sole survivor of the latest dragon attack deals with her emotional scars as well as her physical ones.

Review #9: Cory’s Father by Francesca Forrest An exiled mother with five baby-daddies makes a deal that leaves her unable to see one of her children.

Review #10: Stranger by Patricia Russo An old, useless woman scrambling for shelter from the coming storm meets a stranger with a different perspective on the value of life.

Review #11: The City of Unrequited Dreams by Claude Lalumière A lovelorn teen sets forth on an adventure to a fabled land for the chance to reclaim a missing piece from his past.

Review #12: The Economy of a Vacuum by Sarah Thomas An astronaut on a moonbase faces isolation after a war on Earth cuts away all ties to her humanity.

Review #13: Non-Zero Probabilities by N. K. Jemisin A woman arms herself against the improbable when a string of freak occurrences threatens to derail her life.

So what made these stories catch the reader’s eye? Each story worked differently — some were high on concept and others deep with character, while tone varied from somber to reflective to humorous. There’s obvious overlap in the qualities that pulled me in: rich details, urgent problems, and burning questions, but above all, these stories presented the reader with the unexpected.

Tantalizing Details
Short stories need to be compact, but that doesn’t mean sacrificing detail for a slimmer word count. In After the Dragon, the visuals of the dragon’s quartz and obsidian remains were vivid, specific, and haunting. There’s a lot of words dedicated to this description, but there are a couple big payoffs for the reader — one, it grounds us into this reality by touching our senses, and two, it gives substance to the hideousness vs. beauty theme that runs through the piece. Non-Zero Probabilities starts with an odd mash of personal details and humorous parentheticals to quickly paint a character. In the span of a paragraph, we learn about Adele’s ancestry, religion, past relationships, shopping habits, and her preference in undergarments as she prepares herself for what we expect will be one interesting day.

Urgent Problems and Burning Questions
These two qualities cause a buildup of internal pressure within the reader’s mind that keeps us turning pages (or scrolling down as the case may be.) In Stranger, quiet tension builds on the eve of a savage rain storm while an old woman’s fate depends on a distant family member taking her in. She faces a life or death situation, but customs prevent her from pestering her family members. In The City of Unrequited Dreams, we’re sucked in by questions — what happened to Vittorio, and what is this fabled land of Venera? These questions don’t get fully answered, but we’re taken on a thrilling journey that makes it worth getting strung along. Cory’s Father also uses questions, keeping things vague but interesting. We never get to know what’s over there, though the snippet of story we get is satisfying and hints at a bigger, richer world.

The Unexpected
A woman donning ragged panties in preparation for battle, fantasy inducing chocolates, a mother who can’t see one of her sons, and a young woman flamed down by a dragon on a Oregon beach. It’s hard to be original these days, but introducing the unexpected into a story makes them feel fresh. For example, After the Dragon could be the story of any survivor, take away the dragons, but build the world around those dragons and you’ve suddenly given it new life. When I encounter the unexpected, I sit up and take notice, suddenly my nose is three inches from my computer screen and I’m engaged in the story. What makes the unexpected unexpected? One element is the juxtaposition of the two things you’d least expect to find paired together, like battles and panties.

This month’s Must Read goes to the story that took the unexpected to the extreme: Non-Zero Probabilities by N. K. Jemisin.

Go read it now, before a window A/C unit falls on your head.

Review #13: Non-Zero Probabilities by N. K. Jemisin

February 28th, 2010

Red GatePhoto by Chi King Creative Commons

Author Website: nkjemisin.com
Published by: Clarkesworld Magazine, Sept 2009

The Story:

Every morning, Adele prepares herself for battle. She prays to the gods of her ancestors, bathes in fragrant herbs, then piles on her armor — trinkets such as the Saint Christopher medal her mother gave her, a hair clasp that doubles as a badge of courage, and a lucky pair of worn panties she’s particularly fond of. As Adele walks to work, she keeps an eye out for others who might not have taken care to protect themselves as dutifully as she does.

Her mistrust of public transportation is justified yet again when an elevated train jumps its track just a few blocks away. A tragedy, yes. A freak occurrence, yes. But accidents happen all the time, right? In New York City, these freak occurrences are piling up. The Lottery went bankrupt from too many winners. The Knicks made it all the way to the Finals and the Mets clenched the Series. People with cancer and AIDS are being spontaneously cured. It’s no wonder why tourists are flocking here for a taste of luck.

Too bad nobody told them they’ve got an equal chance of being brained by an improperly installed window A/C unit or roasted inside an exploding tour bus. In this time of certain uncertainty, people cling onto faith and superstition and whatever else will get them through the day. A fitting story for my thirteenth review…

The Craft: Beginnings

SPOILERS

The first paragraph opens with Adele preparing for battle with an odd mash of rituals. She prays to the Christian god and to those of her African ancestors. She bathes in a mix of herbs that leave her smelling like coffee and pumpkin pie. Then she adorns herself in personal trinkets that give her the protection and courage to face her day. The reader in quickly sucked into the story by these rich, odd, tantalizing details and by the undercurrent of humor. The parentheticals set a light tone, and the reader is left wondering what dangers Adele expects to encounter.

That danger immediately presents itself in the following few paragraphs when an elevated train jumps the track and crashes a few blocks away. The scene is compact, but full of details that touch the senses and give the reader a good feel for space in this urban setting. Adele battles her emotions as she goes to help, but can’t help feeling like the crash victims brought this on themselves. The last line of the scene sums it up brilliantly:

“They should have known better. The probability of a train derailment was infinitesimal. That meant it was only a matter of time.”

Obviously things are going wonky in this world, and if this scene doesn’t hook you in, I don’t know what will.

The next scene continues with more tasty details and humor, but we also get a sense of what’s really going on in her world, as her neighbor across the hall demonstrates, throwing snake eyes after snake eyes with a pair of dice. Crossing his fingers has some effect, though it doesn’t totally ward off the weird that is ravaging New York City. Adele takes the cue and succumbs to superstitions, careful to avoid breaking mirrors and opening her umbrella indoors. She also spends hours looking for four-leaf clovers, real ones, and not the knock-offs they sell in Chinatown.

The plot gets going soon after, centering around “A PRAYER FOR THE SOUL OF THE CITY”, a massive gathering of half a million people meeting at Yankee Stadium to pray the city back into shape. The event is on August 8th, considered a lucky day by the Chinese. But Adele soon realizes that while some people are intent on restoring order, others are embracing the chaos of their new world and adapting. After all, since she’s been walking to work, she’s lost ten pounds and has gotten to know her neighbors for the first time. She embraces the change instead of fearing it — a nice parallel to the times of uncertainty we’re living in today.

Not to sound like an obvious fan girl, but “Non-Zero Probabilities” is one of those stories that makes me glad that this mode of storytelling exists. I enjoyed every bit of it, and it’s no wonder its a Nebula finalist. Also, N. K. Jemisin’s debut novel The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms just hit the shelves last week, and you can bet I’ll be seeking out a copy.